Publication Details
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease. A disorder resulting from the destruction of beta cells in the pancreas, leading to a decrease in insulin production. Insulin is the hormone responsible for regulating blood glucose levels, and its deficiency causes uncontrolled inflammation in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans because of the destruction of beta cells. Insulin is the hormone responsible for regulating blood glucose levels, and its deficiency causes uncontrolled inflammation in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, thus causing dysfunction and destruction of beta cells. Patients with T1DM suffer serious complications in the small and large blood vessels, causing dysfunction in the heart, kidneys, retina, and nerves. In most people with T1DM, symptoms do not appear until hemolysis occurs as a result of several factors, including eating fava beans, certain medications, sepsis, kidney failure, or diabetic ketoacidosis. Purification of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme was performed from patients' red blood cells, and several sequential steps were followed from blood sample preparation to precipitation and then dialysis. In the ion exchange technique, the purified G6PD gave two prominent and distinct peaks, (A) and (B), indicating the purity of the enzyme. G6PD activity was higher in peak (A) than in peak (B), and peak (A) was used in the gel filtration technique. A single, distinct, and prominent peak of the purified enzyme was observed. After studying the kinetics of G6PD, the values (Km=3.7 mM) and (Vmax=1.4 U/mL) were determined. The optimal conditions for the enzyme were: Glucose-6-phosphate substrate concentration (11 mM), (pH=8), temperature (37C°) and incubation time (7 minutes). Finally, the molecular weight of G6PD was determined by gel filtration chromatography and electrophoresis techniques and was approximately (58 KDa).