Surgical Treatment of Throat and Belt Injuries of the Spine: Frequency, Risk Factors, and Prevention Paths

The purpose of the study is to analyze the structure of complications after surgical treatment of spinal-vertebral trauma in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spine and to identify the main risk factors for their development. The treatment results of 176 patients operated on in 2015-2024 were analyzed. The overall frequency of complications was 7.8%. Mechanical fractures of metal structure elements and infectious complications were most frequently recorded. It has been established that the severity of primary damage, the severity of kifotic deformity, and the late timing of intervention significantly increase the risk of adverse outcomes. A complex of preventive measures has been proposed, which allows for a reduction in the frequency of complications and an increase in the effectiveness of surgical treatment.