Publication Details
Abstract
Huge numbers of persons all over the world are suffering from a migraine (genetically-influenced complex neurological disorder). Migraine is a common neurovascular disease which described by recurring headaches with different triggers and symptoms vary from person to another but the most common nausea, photophobia and acoustophobia. Genetic factors are one of the important and basic factors in the possibility of migraine headaches. Therefore, many studies have been conducted on these factors to reach a deeper and broader understanding of the genetic conditions and environments of people who are more susceptible to migraine headaches. This scientific review discusses the most important genes that are closely linked to the incidence of migraine and its most important repercussions. Many studies and researches conducted on families and monozygotic twins have proven conclusively that the genetic factor has a significant impact on migraines. The various genetic variants which related with migraines was revealed by the largest genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Variation occurring at the genetic level include genes that are involved in precise biological processes, including nervous excitability, neurotransmitter regulation, vascular functions, and ionic transport systems. The genes, for example, such as Transient receptor potentials cation channels subfamilies M (melastatin) member 8 (TRPM8), Tandem of p domains in a Weak Inward Rectifying K channel (TWIK), Related Spinal Cord K+(TRESK), calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C (CACNA1), and ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit alpha 2 (ATP1A2) have been involved in migraines, which confirms the association channels of ions and neuronal irritation in migraine pathophysiology.